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Eso es cuando se trata de una temporada.\n\nEn cuanto a n¨²meros de por vida, los m¨ªnimos son 5,000 turnos al bate o 2,000 innings lanzados, lo cual equivale b¨¢sicamente a 10 campa?as completas. Para las Ligas Negras, son 1,800 turnos y 600 entradas, lo cual equivale una temporada de 60 juegos.\n\n**?Y sin ning¨²n jugador lleg¨® al m¨ªnimo necesario en una campa?a?**\n\nPara las temporadas de 1944, 1946 y 1948, esto ocurri¨®. MLB aplic¨® la Regla 9.22 (a), que dicta que los turnos te¨®ricos sin hit son contados para determinar un campe¨®n de bateo.","type":"text"},{"__typename":"Video","contentDate":"2022-02-18T15:19:48.363Z","preferredPlaybackScenarioURL({\"preferredPlaybacks\":\"mp4AvcPlayback\"})":"https://mlb-cuts-diamond.mlb.com/FORGE/2022/2022-02/18/42e3ddae-02c624c7-d517a5f3-csvm-diamondx64-asset_1280x720_59_4000K.mp4","type":"video","description":"MLB Network celebrates Black History Month, sharing the stories of some of the greatest to play in the Negro Leagues","displayAsVideoGif":false,"duration":"00:03:31","slug":"black-history-month-negro-leagues","tags":[{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"mlb-network","title":"MLB Network","type":"taxonomy"},{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"mlbn-hot-stove","title":"MLBN Hot Stove","type":"taxonomy"},{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"black-history-month","title":"Black History Month","type":"taxonomy"},{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"no-pre-roll","title":"no pre-roll","type":"taxonomy"}],"thumbnail":{"__typename":"Thumbnail","templateUrl":"https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/private/{formatInstructions}/mlb/ozyenliawgp4hrm2akvf"},"title":"Black History Month: Negro Leagues","relativeSiteUrl":"/video/black-history-month-negro-leagues"},{"__typename":"Markdown","content":"**?Por qu¨¦ se determin¨® que 60 juegos era el m¨ªnimo?**\n\nPorque tiene precedente en la historia existente de MLB. Adem¨¢s de la campa?a acortada del 2020 por COVID a 60 partidos, la Liga Nacional tambi¨¦n jug¨® calendarios de 60 encuentros en 1877 y 1878.\n\n**?Por qu¨¦ jugaban tan pocos juegos en las Ligas Negras?**\n\nLa respuesta corta es la segregaci¨®n. Por los tiempos, los equipos de las Ligas Negras ten¨ªan que ingeniarse giras especiales o dejar de jugar cuando ya no estaban en la lucha por la postemporada. En general, se jugaban entre 60 y 80 partidos en las Ligas Negras.","type":"text"},{"__typename":"Image","caption":null,"contextualCaption":null,"contextualAspectRatio":"raw","credit":null,"contentType":null,"format":"jpg","templateUrl":"https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/upload/{formatInstructions}/mlb/tomtl0x20nnsvge20s1s","type":"image"},{"__typename":"Markdown","content":"**?Cu¨¢les cambios se ven ahora con la inclusi¨®n de las estad¨ªsticas de las Ligas Negras para una sola temporada?**\n\nHay cambios notables en cinco categor¨ªas:\n\n**Promedio de bateo**: Gibson bate¨® .466 en 1943 por Homestead Grays, siendo el promedio m¨¢s alto ahora para una sola temporada. Eso es seguido por Charlie ¡°Chino¡± Smith (.451) en 1929 por New York Lincoln Giants. El r¨¦cord anterior oficial era de Hugh Duffy (.440, 1894, Boston Beaneaters).\n\n**Porcentaje de embasarse**: Aunque el .609 de Barry Bonds en el 2004 es el r¨¦cord todav¨ªa, Gibson (.564, Grays de 1943) y Smith (.551, 1929, Lincoln Giants) est¨¢n en el Top 5 ahora, con Gibson de tercero y Smith de cuarto.\n\n**Porcentaje de slugging**: La marca de .863 de Bonds en el 2001 ha sido eclipsado por Gibson (.974, Grays de 1937), seguido por el Sal¨®n de la Fama Mule Suttles (.877, St. Louis Stars de 1926), Gibson (.871, Grays de 1943) y Smith (.870, Lincoln Giants de 1929).\n\n**Porcentaje de embasarse m¨¢s slugging** (OPS): Gibson tambi¨¦n supera a Bonds (1.421, Gigantes del 2004), con 1.474 con los Grays de 1937 y 1.435 con los Grays de 1943.\n\n**Efectividad**: La mejor para una sola campa?a a¨²n le pertenece al Sal¨®n de la Fama Tim Keefe (0.86) con Troy Trojans de 1880, pero ahora Satchel Paige est¨¢ tercero con 1.01 con Monarcas de Kansas City de 1944.","type":"text"},{"__typename":"Video","contentDate":"2021-09-18T16:03:00Z","preferredPlaybackScenarioURL({\"preferredPlaybacks\":\"mp4AvcPlayback\"})":"https://mlb-cuts-diamond.mlb.com/FORGE/2021/2021-09/18/350c572c-b416cb0d-41716ee1-csvm-diamondx64-asset_1280x720_59_4000K.mp4","type":"video","description":"Through the end of the MLB regular season, MLB and the MLBPA will share 101 facts about the rich history of the Negro Leagues #NL101Facts","displayAsVideoGif":false,"duration":"00:00:45","slug":"joel-goldberg-on-mule-suttles","tags":[{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"negro-leagues","title":"Negro Leagues","type":"taxonomy"},{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"history","title":"history","type":"taxonomy"},{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"no-pre-roll","title":"no pre-roll","type":"taxonomy"}],"thumbnail":{"__typename":"Thumbnail","templateUrl":"https://img.mlbstatic.com/mlb-images/image/private/{formatInstructions}/mlb/i1urlud5elxr2roqe42w"},"title":"Joel Goldberg on Mule Suttles","relativeSiteUrl":"/video/joel-goldberg-on-mule-suttles"},{"__typename":"Markdown","content":"**?Cu¨¢les cambios hay con r¨¦cords de todos los tiempos?**\n\nUna vez m¨¢s, hay cambios en cinco categor¨ªas:\n\n**Promedio de bateo**: Ahora Gibson y su promedio de .372 en 2,255 es el mejor de todos los tiempos, superando el .367 de Ty Cobb. Los Sal¨®n de la Fama Oscar Charleston (.363), Jud Wilson (.350), Turkey Stearnes (.348) y Buck Leonard (.345) tambi¨¦n integran el Top 10.\n\n**Porcentaje de embasarse**: Gibson est¨¢ tercero ahora con .459, detr¨¢s de Ted Williams (.482) y Babe Ruth (.474). Leonard (.452), Charleston (.449) y Jud Wilson (.434) tambi¨¦n se unen al Top 10.\n\n**Porcentaje de slugging**: Ahora Gibson, con .718, eclipsa a Ruth (.690) en el primer lugar, con Suttles (.621), Stearnes (.616) y Charleston (.614) llegando al Top 10.\n\n**Porcentaje de embasarse m¨¢s slugging (OPS)**: La marca de Gibson de 1.177 es ahora el n¨²mero 1, por encima del 1.164 de Ruth. Charleston (1.063), Leonard (1.042), Stearnes (1.033) y Suttles (1.031) tambi¨¦n se unen al Top 10.\n\n**Efectividad**: El zurdo Dave Brown, quien tuvo 2.24 en 711 entradas de 1920 a 1925, es ahora octavo de todos los tiempos.\n\n**?D¨®nde se pueden ver las tablas completas de l¨ªderes?**\n\nEn la [**nueva base de datos**](/es/stats/all-time-totals) integrada de MLB.com.\n\n**?No es verdad que Josh Gibson dio m¨¢s de 800 HR? ?Por qu¨¦ no es el nuevo l¨ªder?**\n\nGibson es el ejemplo perfecto de c¨®mo era dif¨ªcil documentar los datos de las Ligas Negras.\n\nEs posible que Gibson haya conectado m¨¢s de 800 cuadrangulares, como estima su placa en el Sal¨®n de la Fama. Pero muchos de esos vuelacercas fueron en giras especiales (barnstorming tours), exhibiciones que no fueron parte de la temporada oficial de su liga. Entonces, no fueron incluidos en el r¨¦cord oficial de MLB.\n\nOficialmente, Gibson dispar¨® 174 jonrones en partidos de su liga.","type":"text"}],"relativeSiteUrl":"/news/faq-negro-leagues-stats-major-league-record","contentType":"news","subHeadline":null,"summary":"El libro de r¨¦cords ahora son parte de la acogida de Major League Baseball de las Ligas Negras, lo cual resulta en unos nuevos l¨ªderes de todos los tiempos en varias categor¨ªas, incluyendo al Sal¨®n de la Fama Josh Gibson y otros.\nDespu¨¦s del anuncio en el 2020 que revel¨®","tagline({\"formatString\":\"none\"})":"Anthony Castrovince ha sido reportero de MLB.com desde el 2004.","tags":[{"__typename":"InternalTag","slug":"storytype-article","title":"Article","type":"article"},{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"apple-news","title":"Apple News","type":"taxonomy"},{"__typename":"TaxonomyTag","slug":"negro-leagues","title":"Negro 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Estad¨ªsticas de las Ligas Negras ahora son parte de MLB

29 de mayo de 2024

El libro de r¨¦cords ahora son parte de la acogida de Major League Baseball de las Ligas Negras, lo cual resulta en unos nuevos l¨ªderes de todos los tiempos en varias categor¨ªas, incluyendo al Sal¨®n de la Fama Josh Gibson y otros.

Despu¨¦s del anuncio en el 2020 que revel¨® que lo hecho en siete Ligas Negras de 1920 a 1948 ser¨ªan reconocidos como Ligas Mayores, MLB anunci¨® el mi¨¦rcoles que ha seguido las recomendaciones del Comit¨¦ Independiente de Revisi¨®n de Estad¨ªsticas de Ligas Negras de absorber los n¨²meros disponibles de las Ligas Negras en el r¨¦cord hist¨®rico de manera oficial.

¡°Estamos orgullosos de que el r¨¦cord oficial hist¨®rico incluya ahora a los jugadores de las Ligas Negras¡±, dijo el Comisionado Rob Manfred. ¡°Esta iniciativa est¨¢ enfocado en asegurar que futuras generaciones de fan¨¢ticos tengan acceso a las estad¨ªsticas y los hitos de todos lo que hicieron posibles las Ligas Negras. Sus logros en el terreno ser¨¢n un camino hacia un aprendizaje m¨¢s amplio sobre este triunfo en la historia de los Estados Unidos y el sendero que termin¨® en el debut de Jackie Robinson con los Dodgers en 1947¡±.

Gibson, el legendario receptor y bateador de poder que jug¨® con Homestead Grays y Pittsburgh Crawfords, es ahora el l¨ªder de todos los tiempos de MLB en promedio de bateo, porcentaje de slugging y OPS, adem¨¢s de tener el r¨¦cord en dichos departamentos para una sola temporada. Gibson es uno de m¨¢s de 2,300 jugadores de las Ligas Negras ¨C incluyendo a tres exintegrantes vivientes de los circuitos, Bill Greason, Ron Teasley y el Sal¨®n de la Fama Willie Mays ¨C incluidos en la nueva base de datos de MLB.com que combina los n¨²meros de las Ligas Negras con los datos existentes de la Liga Americana, la Liga Nacional y otras Ligas Mayores de la historia.

¡°Las Ligas Negras fueron un producto de unos Estados Unidos segregados, creadas para dar oportunidades donde no exist¨ªan las oportunidades¡±, dijo Larry Lester, experto e historiador de las Ligas Negras. ¡°Como dijo una vez Bart Giamatti, exComisionado de B¨¦isbol, ¡®Nunca debemos perderle la vista a nuestra historia, en cuanto a lo fea que es, nunca repetirla, en cuanto a lo gloriosa que es, valorarla¡¯¡±.

John Thorn, historiador oficial de MLB y jefe del Comit¨¦ Independiente de Revisi¨®n de Estad¨ªsticas de Ligas Negras, dijo que la nueva base de datos puede entenderse ¡°al darse cuenta de que las estad¨ªsticas son una v¨ªa para conocer historias, y que la historia de las Ligas Negras es digna de nuestros estudios¡±.

Para ayudar a los fan¨¢ticos con esos estudios, presentamos algunas respuestas de las preguntas que los aficionados podr¨ªan tener sobre este suceso.

?Qu¨¦ fueron las Ligas Negras?

Antes del debut de Jackie Robinson con los Dodgers de Brooklyn en 1947, las Ligas Americana y Nacional fueron, como mucho en la sociedad en esos tiempos, segregada. Sin poder hacer carrera en dichas ligas, los jugadores afroamericanos formaron sus propias ligas desde 1920, con la Liga Nacional Negra de ocho equipos fundada por Andrew ¡°Rube¡± Foster.

En los siguientes 30 a?os, una variedad de Ligas Negras llegaron y desaparecieron. La Serie Mundial de Ligas Negras se realiz¨® de 1924 a 1927 (con los campeones de la Liga Nacional Negra contra los monarcas de la Liga del Este) y otra vez de 1942 a 1948.

Al final, las Ligas Negras produjeron 37 miembros del Sal¨®n de la Fama de Cooperstown. La integraci¨®n de Robinson a los Dodgers fue el principio del final de las Ligas Negras.

?Por qu¨¦ se est¨¢ agregando los n¨²meros de las Ligas Negras al r¨¦cord oficial?

Esencialmente, para corregir una injusticia. No fue culpa de estrellas afroamericanas del b¨¦isbol como Gibson, Coop Papa Bell y Oscar Charleston que no pudieran jugar en las Ligas Americana ni Nacional. Ahora, reconocer lo hecho en las Ligas Negras como Grandes Ligas es consistente con la creencia de que los circuitos de las Ligas Negras de aquellas ¨¦pocas eran comparables con el producto de MLB.

¡°Todos los que amamos el b¨¦isbol hemos sabido que las Ligas Negras produjeron a muchos de los mejores jugadores de nuestro juego, con innovaciones y triunfos ante la injusticia¡±, dijo el Comisionado Manfred en el 2020 cuando se anunci¨® la primera integraci¨®n de los n¨²meros de las Ligas Negras en los libros de historia. ¡°Ahora estamos agradecidos de tener los r¨¦cords de las Ligas Negras donde pertenecen: Como n¨²meros de ligamayoristas en nuestro r¨¦cord oficial¡±.

En d¨¦cadas recientes, el trabajo sin descanso de los investigadores a trav¨¦s de peri¨®dicos, libros para anotar los juegos y otros archivos result¨® en una mayor disponibilidad de las estad¨ªsticas de las Ligas Negras e hizo m¨¢s viable incluir a estas ligas en el r¨¦cord hist¨®rico.

?Cu¨¢les Ligas Negras ser¨¢n incluidas en el r¨¦cord oficial?

Hay siete, que operaron entre 1920 y 1948. El motivo de 1920 como punto de partida es que fue imposible compilar datos antes, debido a cierta falta de organizaci¨®n. Y se determin¨® que 1948 fue un momento razonable para concluirlo, porque fue el ¨²ltimo a?o de la Liga Nacional Negra y la Serie Mundial de Ligas Negras. Despu¨¦s de eso, el talento empez¨® a abandonar los equipos de las Ligas Negras.

Las siete ligas son las siguientes:

  • Liga Nacional Negra (I) (1920¨C1931)
    ? Liga del Este (1923¨C1928)
    ? Liga Negra Americana (1929)
    ? Liga Este-Oeste (1932)
    ? Liga del Sur Negra (1932)
    ? Liga Nacional Negra (II) (1933¨C1948)
    ? Liga Americana Negra (1937¨C1948)

La nueva base de datos tambi¨¦n incluye equipos independientes que hab¨ªan jugado en Ligas Negras y luego volvieron. Los datos incluyen tanto los r¨¦cords de ganados y perdidos como equipos independientes ante oponentes de la liga como las estad¨ªsticas de sus jugadores.

?Es la primera vez que ligas que ya no existen tengan estatus de ¡°Ligas Mayores¡±?

No. En 1969, un comit¨¦ especial incluy¨® la Asociaci¨®n Americana (1882-91), la Uni¨®n Asociaci¨®n (1884), la Liga de los Jugadores (1890) y la Liga Federal (1914-15).

?Por qu¨¦ ha tardado tanto la inclusi¨®n de las Ligas Negras en los r¨¦cords oficiales?

Una vez se tom¨® la decisi¨®n en el 2020 de incluir las Ligas Negras, el Elias Sports Bureau tuvo que completar un proceso de revisi¨®n con datos de Seamheads, con la ayuda de Retrosheet, una entidad que compila r¨¦cords de juegos realizados antes de 1984.

?Cu¨¢l es el est¨¢ndar para ser incluido en la tabla de l¨ªderes?

Para las Ligas Negras, un m¨ªnimo de 3.1 visitas al plato o una entrada lanzada por partido programado, igual que el criterio de las Ligas Americana y Nacional. Eso es cuando se trata de una temporada.

En cuanto a n¨²meros de por vida, los m¨ªnimos son 5,000 turnos al bate o 2,000 innings lanzados, lo cual equivale b¨¢sicamente a 10 campa?as completas. Para las Ligas Negras, son 1,800 turnos y 600 entradas, lo cual equivale una temporada de 60 juegos.

?Y sin ning¨²n jugador lleg¨® al m¨ªnimo necesario en una campa?a?

Para las temporadas de 1944, 1946 y 1948, esto ocurri¨®. MLB aplic¨® la Regla 9.22 (a), que dicta que los turnos te¨®ricos sin hit son contados para determinar un campe¨®n de bateo.

?Por qu¨¦ se determin¨® que 60 juegos era el m¨ªnimo?

Porque tiene precedente en la historia existente de MLB. Adem¨¢s de la campa?a acortada del 2020 por COVID a 60 partidos, la Liga Nacional tambi¨¦n jug¨® calendarios de 60 encuentros en 1877 y 1878.

?Por qu¨¦ jugaban tan pocos juegos en las Ligas Negras?

La respuesta corta es la segregaci¨®n. Por los tiempos, los equipos de las Ligas Negras ten¨ªan que ingeniarse giras especiales o dejar de jugar cuando ya no estaban en la lucha por la postemporada. En general, se jugaban entre 60 y 80 partidos en las Ligas Negras.

?Cu¨¢les cambios se ven ahora con la inclusi¨®n de las estad¨ªsticas de las Ligas Negras para una sola temporada?

Hay cambios notables en cinco categor¨ªas:

Promedio de bateo: Gibson bate¨® .466 en 1943 por Homestead Grays, siendo el promedio m¨¢s alto ahora para una sola temporada. Eso es seguido por Charlie ¡°Chino¡± Smith (.451) en 1929 por New York Lincoln Giants. El r¨¦cord anterior oficial era de Hugh Duffy (.440, 1894, Boston Beaneaters).

Porcentaje de embasarse: Aunque el .609 de Barry Bonds en el 2004 es el r¨¦cord todav¨ªa, Gibson (.564, Grays de 1943) y Smith (.551, 1929, Lincoln Giants) est¨¢n en el Top 5 ahora, con Gibson de tercero y Smith de cuarto.

Porcentaje de slugging: La marca de .863 de Bonds en el 2001 ha sido eclipsado por Gibson (.974, Grays de 1937), seguido por el Sal¨®n de la Fama Mule Suttles (.877, St. Louis Stars de 1926), Gibson (.871, Grays de 1943) y Smith (.870, Lincoln Giants de 1929).

Porcentaje de embasarse m¨¢s slugging (OPS): Gibson tambi¨¦n supera a Bonds (1.421, Gigantes del 2004), con 1.474 con los Grays de 1937 y 1.435 con los Grays de 1943.

Efectividad: La mejor para una sola campa?a a¨²n le pertenece al Sal¨®n de la Fama Tim Keefe (0.86) con Troy Trojans de 1880, pero ahora Satchel Paige est¨¢ tercero con 1.01 con Monarcas de Kansas City de 1944.

?Cu¨¢les cambios hay con r¨¦cords de todos los tiempos?

Una vez m¨¢s, hay cambios en cinco categor¨ªas:

Promedio de bateo: Ahora Gibson y su promedio de .372 en 2,255 es el mejor de todos los tiempos, superando el .367 de Ty Cobb. Los Sal¨®n de la Fama Oscar Charleston (.363), Jud Wilson (.350), Turkey Stearnes (.348) y Buck Leonard (.345) tambi¨¦n integran el Top 10.

Porcentaje de embasarse: Gibson est¨¢ tercero ahora con .459, detr¨¢s de Ted Williams (.482) y Babe Ruth (.474). Leonard (.452), Charleston (.449) y Jud Wilson (.434) tambi¨¦n se unen al Top 10.

Porcentaje de slugging: Ahora Gibson, con .718, eclipsa a Ruth (.690) en el primer lugar, con Suttles (.621), Stearnes (.616) y Charleston (.614) llegando al Top 10.

Porcentaje de embasarse m¨¢s slugging (OPS): La marca de Gibson de 1.177 es ahora el n¨²mero 1, por encima del 1.164 de Ruth. Charleston (1.063), Leonard (1.042), Stearnes (1.033) y Suttles (1.031) tambi¨¦n se unen al Top 10.

Efectividad: El zurdo Dave Brown, quien tuvo 2.24 en 711 entradas de 1920 a 1925, es ahora octavo de todos los tiempos.

?D¨®nde se pueden ver las tablas completas de l¨ªderes?

En la nueva base de datos integrada de MLB.com.

?No es verdad que Josh Gibson dio m¨¢s de 800 HR? ?Por qu¨¦ no es el nuevo l¨ªder?

Gibson es el ejemplo perfecto de c¨®mo era dif¨ªcil documentar los datos de las Ligas Negras.

Es posible que Gibson haya conectado m¨¢s de 800 cuadrangulares, como estima su placa en el Sal¨®n de la Fama. Pero muchos de esos vuelacercas fueron en giras especiales (barnstorming tours), exhibiciones que no fueron parte de la temporada oficial de su liga. Entonces, no fueron incluidos en el r¨¦cord oficial de MLB.

Oficialmente, Gibson dispar¨® 174 jonrones en partidos de su liga.

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